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Cumae

Q243456

Cumae: Greek town in Italy, best-known for its prophetess, the Sibylla.

Relief with a home-coming hero

Metal trade between the Etruscans and Greeks; c.750 BCE Pithecusae (Ischia); after that, Cumae founded by settlers from Euboea on a hill on the mainland
Avernian Lake; acropolis with two temples
sVI: Etruscan attempt to seize Cumae; Aristodemus of Cumae repels them; battle of Aricia.^note[Dionysius, Roman Antiquities 5.36.]
Etruscan helmet, dedicated by Hiero of Syracuse to the gods after the battle of Cumae

c.474 BCE: naval battle of Cumae, Cumans and Syracusans versus Etruscans
sV-IV: Wall
c. 438 or 421: town captured by Samnites
After one century, Roman control (cf. Capua, praefectus Capuam Cumas); provincial town; no decline, but other towns (e.g., Naples) rapidly became more important
Hannibal's attempts to capture ports like Cumae and Puteoli - necessary to receive fresh troops - fail.
37-36 BCE: Agrippa uses Avernian Lake to train navy for attack on Sextus Pompeius
Harbor silting up; quiet, rural town^note
91 CE Via Domitiana Rome-Cumae/Puteoli
Greek temples become Christian basilicas
Late Antiquity: Byzantine fortress on the acropolis, 536 fortified by Belisarius; 542 captured by Totila; 553 recaptured by Narses

Cumae, Relief with an Amazon

Cumae, Relief of a group of soldiers

Cumae, A victorious gladiator and a gladiator asking for release

Cumae, Priest of Isis