Texts of Synesius
Synesius of Cyrene (c.370-c.413): Neo-Platonic philosopher, sophist, and bishop of Ptolemais in the Cyrenaica.
Speeches
Essays
Hymns
- 1: "Arise my Soul"
- 2: Prayer at Dawn
- 3: To the Father and Son
- 4: To the Supreme Being
- 5: A Song of Praise
- 6: To Christ
- 7: Epiphany
- 8: To Christ, Requesting a Blessed Life
- 9: Easter
- 10: To Christ
Homilies
The Letters: Historical Order
394
- 51: To his Brother: The Aegean Sea
- 33: To the Philosopher: In Praise of Alexander
- 115: To the Doctor Theodorus: On Want
395
- 137: To Herculian: A Difficult Goodbye
- 138: To Herculian: A Friendly Reproach
- 139: To Herculian: Longing for a Lost Friend
- 145: To Herculian: A Runaway Slave
- 7: To Theodorus and his Sister: A False Rumor
- 41: To a Friend: Hiring a Ship
396
- 55: To his Brother: A Goodbye
- 56: To his Brother: On his Niece
- 54: To his Brother: Athens
- 136: To his Brother: A Visit to Athens
- 135: To his Brother: A Recommendation
- 110: To his Brother: Chilas
397
398
399
400
401
- 120: To his Brother: Asking for Information
- 61: To Pylaemenes: An Egyptian Rug
- 104: To his Brother: Cowardly Behavior during a War
- 113: To his Brother: On Going to War
- 124: To the Philosopher: A City in Wartime
- 38: To Aurelian: A Recommendation
- 88: To Pylaemenes: A Lost Friend
402
- 152: To Pylaemenes: The Definition of Love
- 1: To Nicander: The "Eulogy of Baldness"
- 74: To Pylaemenes: The "Eulogy of Baldness"
- 100: To Pylaemenes: An Introduction
- 140: To Herculian: On Being a Man
- 141: To Herculian: A Lost Text
- 142: To Herculian: Reproaches and Encouragement
- 101: To Pylaemenes: Literary Life
- 103: To Pylaemenes: The Benefits of Philosophy
- 102: To Pylaemenes: A Recommendation
- 43: To Anastasius: A Recommendation
- 3: To his Brother: Very Bad Taste
- 35: To his Brother: Legacy Hunting
- 39: To his Brother: Announcing One's Arrival
- 32: To his Brother: A Bad Slave
- 52: To his Brother: Buying a Mantle
- 65: To his Brother: Sending Books
- 92: To his Brother: On Speaking Bluntly
- 106: To his Brother: On Gardening
- 114: To his Brother: An Invitation
- 109: To his Brother: A Visit Postponed
- 146: To Herculian: Friendship and Philosophy
- 143: To Herculian: A Reproach
- 144: To Herculian: A Recommendation
- 36: To his Brother: The Death of Castricius
- 15: To the Philosopher: A Densimeter
- 17: To Heliodorus: A Compliment
403
- 25: To Heliodorus: A Reproach
- 117: To Heliodorus: A Recommendation
- 40: To Uranius: A Gift of a Horse
- 98: To Olympius: Gratitude
- 99: To Olympius: Recommendation of a Poet
- 97: To Olympius: Greetings
- 129: To Pylaemenes: Various Matters
- 29: To Pentadius: The Burdens of Patronage
- 30: To Pentadius: A Request for Pardon
404
- 154: To the Philosopher: On his own Writings
- 127: To his Brother: A Greedy Governor
- 44: To Joannes: An Open Letter to a Murderer
- 50: To his Brother: The Assassination of Aemilius
- 18: To his Brother: A Recommendation
- 19: To Herodes and Martyrius: A Recommendation
- 20: To Diogenes: A Recommendation
- 21: To the Governor: A Recommendation
- 123: To Troilus: Missing an Old Friend
405
- 133: To Olympius: Preparations for War
- 125: To his Brother: Building an Army
- 132: To his Brother: War
- 130: To Simplicius: Cyrene Besieged
- 75: To Nicander: A Recommendation
406
- 118: To Troilus: A Recommendation
- 119: To Trypho: A Recommendation
- 131: To Pylaemenes: A Recommendation
- 134: To Pylaemenes: Various Matters
- 22: To Anastasius: Congratulations
- 71: To Pylaemenes: Trying to Reach a Friend
407
- 150: To Pylaemenes: A Recommendation
- 151: To Pylaemenes: A Salute
- 108: To his Brother: Preparing for War
- 107: To his Brother: On the Right of Self-Defense
- 122: To his Brother: A Successful Engagement
- 95: To his Brother: "Even Enemies Have Their Uses"
- 63: To Joannes: A Warning
- 64: To Joannes: A Warning
- 2: To Joannes: An Insult
- 49: To Theotimus: A Congratulation
408
- 148: To Olympius: The Good Life
- 149: To Olympius: Presents Received
- 24: To Simplicius: A Complaint
- 23: To Diogenes: A Complaint
- 48: To Pylaemenes: On Pylaemenes' Return to Constantinople
409
- 53: To his Brother: On his Brother's Son
- 111: To Troilus: On Declamation
- 82: To his Brother: A Recommendation
- 83: To Chryses: A Recommendation
- 84: To his Brother: A Recommendation
- 85: To his Brother: A Recommendation
- 86: To his Brother: A Recommendation
- 155: To Domitian, the Jurist: A Recommendation
- 156: To Domitian, the Jurist: An Offer to Help
- 27: To Constans: A Recommendation
- 153: To Pylaemenes: A Polite Reproach
- 73: To Troilus: The Destruction of the Cyrenaica
- 105: To his Brother: On Becoming a Bishop
410
- 96: To Olympius: Becoming Bishop; Spiritual Crisis
- 11: To the Elders: Accepting the Bishopric
- 116: To Auxentius: An Apology
- 60: To Auxentius: Trying to Forget a Quarrel
- 121: To Athanasius: Separation of Church and State
411
- 9: To Theophilus: On a Paschal Letter
- 8: To his Brother: A Reproach
- 159: To an unknown correspondent: Olive Oil
- 42: To Cledonius: A Recommendation
- 47: To Theotimus: A Recommendation
- 91: To Troilus: A Recommendation
- 66: To Theophilus: Asking for Clarification
- 67: To Theophilus: Paul of Erythrum and Other Matters
- 79: To Anastasius: Andronicus
- 37: To Anysius: Illness
- 94: To Anysius: War
- 77: To Anysius: A Quick Note
- 78: To Anysius: The Unnigardae
- 72: To the Bishops: The Beginning of the Andronicus Affair
- 93: To Hesychius: Canceling a Fine
- 26: To Troilus: Gratitude
- 90: To Theophilus: Andronicus
- 87: To his Brother: A Recommendation of a Group of Soldiers
- 68: To Theophilus: A Recommendation
- 76: To Theophilus: Appointing a Bishop
412
- 13: To Peter the Elder: Circular Letter Announcing the Paschal Date
- 6: To Anysius: A Horse Thief
- 14: To Anysius: A Horse Thief
- 157: To Chryso-...: Spring
- 158: To Chryso-...: An Impossible Visit:
- 5: To the Bishops: The Arian Controversy
- 45: To Olympius: A Call for Assistance
- 28: To Simplicius: A Request for a Pardon
- 147: To Joannes: Congratulations to a Novice
- 128: To a Bishop: Consolation
- 89: To his Brother: Self-Pity
- 69: To Theophilus: The Horrors of War
- 57: Against Andronicus (this is not a letter but a speech)
- 58: To the Bishops: The Excommunication of Andronicus
- 59: To Anysius: A Recommendation
- 46: To Anastasius: A Reproach
- 80: To Theophilus: Nicaeus
413
- 12: To Cyril: Congratulations
- 126: To Asclepiodotus: Death of Synesius' Son
- 70: To Proclus: Death of Synesius' Son
- 81: To the Philosopher: Death of Synesius' Son; a Recommendation
- 62: To the General: a Farewell
- 10: To the Philosopher: Losing Contact with the Outer World
- 16: To the Philosopher: A Farewell
The Letters: Order in the Manuscript
- To Nicander: The "Eulogy of Baldness" (402)
- To Joannes: An Insult (407)
- To his Brother: Very Bad Taste (402)
- To his Brother: Shipwreck (397)
- To the Bishops: The Arian Controversy (412)
- To Anysius: A Horse Thief (412)
- To Theodorus and his Sister: A False Rumor (395)
- To his Brother: A Reproach (411)
- To Theophilus: On a Paschal Letter (411)
- To the Philosopher: Losing Contact with the Outer World (413)
- To the Elders: Accepting the Bishopric (410)
- To Cyril: Congratulations (413)
- To Peter the Elder: Circular Letter Announcing the Paschal Date (412)
- To Anysius: A Horse Thief (412)
- To the Philosopher: A Densimeter (402)
- To the Philosopher: A Farewell (413)
- To Heliodorus: A Compliment (402)
- To his Brother: A Recommendation (404)
- To Herodes and Martyrius: A Recommendation (404)
- To Diogenes: A Recommendation (404)
- To the Governor: A Recommendation (404)
- To Anastasius: Congratulations (406)
- To Diogenes: A Complaint (408)
- To Simplicius: A Complaint (408)
- To Heliodorus: A Reproach (403)
- To Troilus: Gratitude (411)
- To Constans: A Recommendation (409)
- To Simplicius: A Request for Pardon (412)
- To Pentadius: The Burdens of Patronage (403)
- To Pentadius: A Request for Pardon (403)
- To Aurelian: An Adhortation to Remain Just
- To his Brother: A Bad Slave (402)
- To the Philosopher: In Praise of Alexander (394)
- To Aurelian: A Warning (398)
- To his Brother: Legacy Hunting (402)
- To his Brother: The Death of Castricius (402)
- To Anysius: Illness (411)
- To Aurelian: A Recommendation (401)
- To his Brother: Announcing One's Arrival (402)
- To Uranius: A Gift of a Horse (403)
- To a Friend: Hiring a Ship (395)
- To Cledonius: A Recommendation (411)
- To Anastasius: A Recommendation (402)
- To Joannes: An Open Letter to a Murderer (404)
- To Olympius: A Call for Assistance (412)
- To Anastasius: A Reproach (412)
- To Theotimus: A Recommendation (411)
- To Pylaemenes: On Pylaemenes' Return to Constantinople (408)
- To Theotimus: A Congratulation (407)
- To his Brother: The Assassination of Aemilius (404)
- To his Brother: The Aegean Sea (394)
- To his Brother: Buying a Mantle (402)
- To his Brother: On his Brother's Son (409)
- To his Brother: Athens (396)
- To his Brother: A Goodbye (396)
- To his Brother: On his Niece (396)
- Against Andronicus (this is not a letter but a speech) (412)
- To the Bishops: The Excommunication of Andronicus (412)
- To Anysius: A Recommendation (412)
- To Auxentius: Trying to Forget a Quarrel (410)
- To Pylaemenes: An Egyptian Rug (401)
- To the General: a Farewell (413)
- To Joannes: A Warning (407)
- To Joannes: A Warning (407)
- To his Bother: Sending Books (402)
- To Theophilus: Asking for Clarification (411)
- To Theophilus: Paul of Erythrum and Other Matters (411)
- To Theophilus: A Recommendation (411)
- To Theophilus: The Horrors of War (412)
- To Proclus: Death of Synesius' Son (413)
- To Pylaemenes: Trying to Reach a Friend (406)
- To the Bishops: The Beginning of the Andronicus Affair (411)
- To Troilus: The Destruction of the Cyrenaica (409)
- To Pylaemenes: The "Eulogy of Baldness" (402)
- To Nicander: A Recommendation (405)
- To Theophilus: Appointing a Bishop (411)
- To Anysius: A Quick Note (411)
- To Anysius: The Unnigardae (411)
- To Anastasius: Andronicus (411)
- To Theophilus: Nicaeus (412)
- To the Philosopher: Death of Synesius' Son; a Recommendation (413)
- To his Brother: A Recommendation (409)
- To Chryses: A Recommendation (409)
- To his Brother: A Recommendation (409)
- To his Brother: A Recommendation (409)
- To his Brother: A Recommendation (409)
- To his Brother: A Recommendation of a Group of Soldiers (411)
- To Pylaemenes: A Lost Friend (401)
- To his Brother: Self-Pity (412)
- To Theophilus: Andronicus (411)
- To Troilus: A Recommendation (411)
- To his Brother: On Speaking Bluntly (402)
- To Hesychius: Canceling a Fine (411)
- To Anysius: War (411)
- To his Brother: "Even Enemies Have Their Uses" (407)
- To Olympius: Becoming Bishop; Spiritual Crisis (410)
- To Olympius: Greetings (403)
- To Olympius: Gratitude (403)
- To Olympius: Recommendation of a Poet (403)
- To Pylaemenes: An Introduction (402)
- To Pylaemenes: Literary Life (402)
- To Pylaemenes: A Recommendation (402)
- To Pylaemenes: The Benefits of Philosophy (402)
- To his Brother: Cowardly Behavior during a War (401)
- To his Brother: On Becoming a Bishop (409)
- To his Brother: On Gardening (402)
- To his Brother: On the Right of Self-Defense (407)
- To his Brother: Preparing for War (407)
- To his Brother: A Visit Postponed (402)
- To his Brother: Chilas (396)
- To Troilus: On Declamation (409)
- To Troilus: On Praise and Love (399)
- To his Brother: On Going to War (401)
- To his Brother: An Invitation (402)
- To the Doctor Theodorus: On Want (394)
- To Auxentius: An Apology (410)
- To Heliodorus: A Recommendation (403)
- To Troilus: A Recommendation (406)
- To Trypho: A Recommendation (406)
- To his Brother: Asking for Information (401)
- To Athanasius: Separation of Church and State (410)
- To his Brother: A Successful Engagement (407)
- To Troilus: Missing an Old Friend (404)
- To the Philosopher: A City in Wartime (401)
- To his Brother: Building an Army (405)
- To Asclepiodotus: Death of Synesius' Son (413)
- To his Brother: A Greedy Governor (404)
- To a Bishop: Consolation (412)
- To Pylaemenes: Various Matters (403)
- To Simplicius: Cyrene Besieged (405)
- To Pylaemenes: A Recommendation (406)
- To his Brother: War (405)
- To Olympius: Preparations for War (405)
- To Pylaemenes: Various Matters (406)
- To his Brother: A Recommendation (396)
- To his Brother: A Visit to Athens (396)
- To Herculian: A Difficult Goodbye (395)
- To Herculian: A Friendly Reproach (395)
- To Herculian: Longing for a Lost Friend (395)
- To Herculian: On Being a Man (402)
- To Herculian: A Lost Text (402)
- To Herculian: Reproaches and Encouragement (402)
- To Herculian: A Reproach (402)
- To Herculian: A Recommendation (402)
- To Herculian: A Runaway Slave (395)
- To Herculian: Friendship and Philosophy (402)
- To Joannes: Congratulations to a Novice (412)
- To Olympius: The Good Life (408)
- To Olympius: Presents Received (408)
- To Pylaemenes: A Recommendation (407)
- To Pylaemenes: A Salute (407)
- To Pylaemenes: The Definition of Love (402)
- To Pylaemenes: A Polite Reproach (409)
- To the Philosopher: On his own Writings (404)
- To Domitian, the Jurist: A Recommendation (409)
- To Domitian, the Jurist: An Offer to Help (409)
- To Chryso-...: Spring (412)
- To Chryso-...: An Impossible Visit (412)
- To an unknown correspondent: Olive Oil (411)
Literature
- A. Garzya, Opere di Sinesio di Cirene (1989)
- J. Bregman, Synesius of Cyrene (1982)
- A. Cameron, J. Long, and L. Sherry, Barbarians and Politics at the Court of Arcadius (1993)
- Chr. Lacombrade, Synesios de Cyrène. Hellène et Chrétien (1951)
- J. H. W. G. Liebeschuetz, "Why Did Synesius Become Bishop of Ptolemais?" in: Byzantion, 56 (1986) 180-195
- H.-I. Marrou, 'Synesius of Cyrene and Alexandrian Neoplatonism', in A. Momigliano, ed., The Conflict of Paganism and Christianity in the Fourth Century,(1963) 126-150
- T. Schmitt, Die Bekehrung des Synesios von Kyrene (2001)
- F. Tinnefeld, 'Synesios von Kyrene. Philosophie der Freude und Leidensbewältigung', in C. Gnilka, W. Schetter (eds.), Studien zur Literatur der Spätantike (1975)